Chemoecology (2009) 19, 203-210

Qing-He Zhang, Li-Wen Song, Jian-Hai Ma, Fu-Zhong Han and Jiang-Hua Sun (2009)
Aggregation pheromone of a newly described spruce bark beetle, Ips shangrila Cognato and Sun, from China
Chemoecology 19 (4), 203-210
Abstract: Volatiles from male hindgut extracts of a newly described spruce bark beetle, Ips shangrila Cognato and Sun, from different attack phases were analyzed by GC-MS/FID with both polar and enantioselective columns. The GC-MS/FID analyses showed that unmated males (Phase 1) or males mated with <3 females (Phases 2-4) produced 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol and 99%-(+)-ipsdienol as major components, and (-)-cis-verbenol, (-)-trans-verbenol, myrtenol and 2-phenyl ethanol as minor or trace components. The release of these male-produced compounds was confirmed by the analysis on aeration sample of an I. shangrila infested wind-thrown spruce trunk. The quantities of 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol, cis-verbenol and trans-verbenol from male hindgut extracts were almost unchanged or even slightly increased during gallery development, while ipsdienol decreased dramatically after mating with three females. No obvious Ips-related aggregation pheromone components were detected in the female hindgut extract. A field trapping bioassay in Qinghai, China, showed that the ternary blends containing 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol, (-)-cis-verbenol and 97%-(+)-ipsdienol or (±)-ipsdienol, caught significantly more I. shangrila (male : female = 1:2.14) than did the unbaited control. Replacing 97%-(+)-ipsdienol (close to the naturally produced enantiomeric ratio) with (±)-ipsdienol in the ternary blend seemed to reduce trap catches by 50%, but the difference was not statistically significant. Surprisingly, addition of (-)-trans-verbenol (at 0.2 mg/day) to the active ternary blends significantly reduced traps catches to the level not different from the unbaited control. Our results suggest that the two major components, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol and 99%-(+)-ipsdienol, plus a minor component, (-)-cis-verbenol, produced by fed males, are likely the aggregation pheromone components of I. shangrila.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website
Database assignments for author(s): Qing He Zhang, Jiang-Hua Sun

Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
pheromones/attractants/traps

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Ips shangrila	Spruce (Picea)	China (NW)