Applied Entomology and Zoology (2007) 42, 189-197

Gustavo L. Baeza Larios, Kazuro Ohno and Fumiki Fukuhara (2007)
Effects of photoperiod and temperature on preimaginal development and summer diapause of Chrysocharis pubicornis (Zetterstedt) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a pupal parasitoid of leafminers (Diptera: Agromyzidae)
Applied Entomology and Zoology 42 (2), 189-197
Abstract: The preimaginal development of Chrysocharis pubicornis was studied at different temperatures and 14L:10D photoperiod. The lower developmental threshold was 7.4 and 7.2°C, and the thermal constant was 297.4 and 307.5 degree-days for males and females, respectively. The effects of combinations of different temperatures and photoperiods on larval diapause induction and termination were also examined. Larval development showed a short-day type response affected by temperature. The percentage of individuals entering diapause increased with the temperature and photoperiod. The critical photoperiod for diapause induction was between 12 and 14 h at 25°C, whereas at 15 h and 20°C the diapause rate did not reach 50% within the photoperiod range tested. Regardless of the photoperiod, diapause terminated at 15°C but was maintained at 25°C. At 20°C, 90% of individuals terminated diapause at 12 h photoperiod but only 16% at 16 h photoperiod. A significant effect of the photoperiod on the post-diapause emergence pattern of wasps was observed at 15°C. From these results, it is considered that summer diapause enables C. pubicornis to synchronize its occurrence with that of the garden pea leafminer, Chromatomyia horticola.
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Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
biocontrol - natural enemies
Research topic(s) for beneficials or antagonists:
environment/habitat manipulation
general biology - morphology - evolution

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Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial	Pest/Disease/Weed	Crop/Product	Country	Quarant.
	Phytomyza horticola	Pea (Pisum sativum)	Japan
Chrysocharis pubicornis (parasitoid)	Phytomyza horticola	Pea (Pisum sativum)	Japan