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Annals of the Entomological Society of America (2008) 101, 930-938

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Leo H. Shapiro, Sonja J. Scheffer, Navies Maisin, Smilja Lambert, Hussin Bin Purung, Endang Sulistyowati, Fernando E. Vega, Paul Gende, Samson Laup, Ade Rosmana, Sylvia Djam and Prakash K. Hebbar (2008)
Conopomorpha cramerella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Malay Archipelago: Genetic Signature of a bottlenecked population?
Annals of the Entomological Society of America 101 (5), 930-938
Abstract: Conopomorpha cramerella (Snellen) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) is a devastating pest of cacao, Theobroma cacao L. (Sterculiaceae), in Southeast Asia, particularly in the Malay Archipelago. We surveyed genetic variation at two unlinked loci, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and nuclear elongation factor-1alpha (EF-1alpha), in C. cramerella from throughout most of their known geographic range. Given the enormous area sampled, COI variation is extremely low; EF-1alpha variation may be low as well, but this is more difficult to assess due to the lack of appropriate data sets for comparison. Our results strongly suggest that sampled C. cramerella populations have experienced at least one bottleneck in their recent past, although the possibility that COI variation has been reduced by a selective sweep cannot be excluded based on available data. We suggest that one or more bottlenecks likely occurred when C. cramerella from an as yet unknown source population, either within or outside the Malay Archipelago, became established on cacao, which is not endemic to this region (Conopomorpha is an Old World genus and cacao originated in the New World). Identification of the source of this pest could be important in efforts to identify natural enemies for biological control.
(The abstract is excluded from the Creative Commons licence and has been copied with permission by the publisher.)
Link to article at publishers website


Research topic(s) for pests/diseases/weeds:
molecular biology - genes


Pest and/or beneficial records:

Beneficial Pest/Disease/Weed Crop/Product Country Quarant.


Conopomorpha cramerella Cacao (Theobroma cacao) Indonesia
Conopomorpha cramerella Cacao (Theobroma cacao) Malaysia
Conopomorpha cramerella Cacao (Theobroma cacao) Philippines