View source for Sinapis arvensis (weed)

{{TaxLinks|LnkSinapis}}
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[[File:Sinapis arvensis pont-aval-revigny-ornain 55 05062005 4.JPG|250px|thumb|''Sinapis arvensis'' flowers (click on image to enlarge it)<br/>Author(s): Olivier Pichard<br/>Source: [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sinapis_arvensis_pont-aval-revigny-ornain_55_05062005_4.JPG Wikimedia Commons]]]
<font color="#800000">'''''Sinapis arvensis'''</font>'' L. - (wild mustard)

The species is an important cruciferous weed native to the Old World which now has a world-wide distribution. It is particularly common in temperate regions and can be a problem in cereals and various other crops. Yields may be reduced by 50% at high weed densities (e.g. 20 plants per m<sup>2</sup>). In addition, it is a host of various fungal diseases and insect pests of crops. On the other hand, ''S. arvensis'' can be an important source of honey and pollen for bees.

A plant can produce up to 20,000 seeds per year. These disperse through the wind or by agricultural activities and remain viable for up to 10 years. The weed can build up a very persistent seed bank, but the seeds only germinate close to the surface. For control, herbicides or mowing are effective. However, herbicide resistance has been reported in several populations.
{{VN
|de=Acker-Senf
|en=wild mustard<br />charlock
|es=mostaza de los campos
|fr=moutarde des champs
}}
The plant grows to a height of 20-60 cm. The upper leaves are broadly triangular, short without petioles. The lower leaves have petioles, are lobed and up to 20 cm long. The flowers are bright yellow with 4 petals. The pods are 3-5 cm long, hairless with a long pointed tip. They contain around 10 black, spherical seeds, 1-1½ mm in diameter with a fine surface texture. Cotyledons are kidney-shaped.

'''Synonyms:'''<br/>
''Brassica kaber''

For a review see [[Canadian Journal of Plant Science (2000) 80, 939-961|Warwick et al., 2000]].


<gallery widths=200px caption="Other images of Sinapis arvensis (weed) (Wikimedia Commons, IPM Images and Open Media - click to enlarge)">
File:Sinapis arvensis pont-aval-revigny-ornain 55 05062005 2.JPG
File:Sinapis arvensis JuliaKruse 5.jpg
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File:Sinapis arvensis JuliaKruse 4.jpg
File:Sinapis arvensis feuille.JPG|foliage
File:Sinapis.arvensis3.-.lindsey.jpg|fruits
File:Sinapis arvensis s IP0310010.jpg|seeds
File:Sinapis_arvensis_IPM5459949.jpg|seeds
File:Sinapis_arvensis_IPM5459951.jpg|seed
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[[Category:Sinapis (weeds)]]